The Canary Islands, a mesmerising Spanish archipelago off the northwest coast of Africa, are known for their sun-kissed beaches, volcanic landscapes, and year-round mild climate. But beyond the well-trodden tourist paths lie a wealth of fascinating facts that many travellers might not know. Here are ten intriguing tidbits that will deepen your appreciation of the Canaries and perhaps inspire your next adventure.
Despite what many believe, the Canary Islands are not named after canary birds. The name actually comes from the Latin word "Canaria," meaning "island of dogs." Historical accounts suggest that early European explorers found a large population of wild dogs on the islands. The native breed, known as the "Presa Canario," still exists today and is a symbol of the islands.
The Canaries are a volcanic archipelago, and their dramatic landscapes reflect it. The islands were formed millions of years ago through volcanic activity, and the evidence is everywhere—from the otherworldly Timanfaya National Park in Lanzarote to the towering Mount Teide in Tenerife, Spain’s highest peak. These volcanoes have shaped the islands’ unique ecosystems and continue to be an important part of their identity.
Mount Teide, located on the island of Tenerife, is not only Spain’s highest point but also the third tallest volcanic structure in the world if measured from the ocean floor. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the best places for stargazing due to its clear skies and high altitude. Teide National Park, surrounding the volcano, is a must-visit for hiking enthusiasts and nature lovers.
The Canaries are often dubbed the "Islands of Eternal Spring" because of their mild climate, with average temperatures ranging from 18°C (64°F) in winter to 24°C (75°F) in summer. The unique climate is influenced by the cool Canary Current, trade winds, and the islands' varying topography. This makes the Canaries a year-round destination for sun-seekers and adventure lovers alike.
The Canary Islands are home to over 600 species of plants found nowhere else in the world, including the striking Canary Island pine and the prehistoric-looking dragon tree (Dracaena draco). Additionally, the archipelago's varied landscapes—from lush laurel forests in La Gomera to the arid dunes of Gran Canaria—create unique habitats that support a diverse range of wildlife.
The Canaries have a long-standing tradition of winemaking that dates back to the 15th century. In fact, Canary wine was so famous that it was mentioned by William Shakespeare in several of his plays. The unique volcanic soil and microclimates of the islands contribute to their distinct wine flavours, especially the renowned Malvasia wine, which has been enjoyed by literary greats and travellers alike for centuries.
While the Canary Islands are politically a part of Spain, their location near the African coast and historical trade routes have resulted in a rich tapestry of cultural influences. Here, you’ll find a blend of Spanish, African, and Latin American traditions. This is reflected in everything from the islands’ diverse cuisine—such as "papas arrugadas" (wrinkled potatoes) with "mojo" sauce—to the colourful annual carnivals that rival those in Rio de Janeiro.
Gran Canaria is often referred to as a "miniature continent" because of its incredibly diverse landscapes. Within a single island, you can experience golden sand dunes reminiscent of the Sahara, lush green forests, rugged mountains, and beautiful beaches. This diversity makes Gran Canaria a favourite among travellers looking for varied outdoor activities—from hiking and cycling to surfing and sunbathing.
On the island of La Gomera, a unique whistling language called "Silbo Gomero" is still in use. This ancient form of communication, which sounds like bird calls, was developed by the indigenous Guanches to communicate across the island’s deep ravines and valleys. Recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Silbo Gomero is still taught in schools today, preserving this fascinating tradition.
Astro-tourism is becoming increasingly popular in the Canaries, thanks to their clear skies and low light pollution. The Roque de los Muchachos Observatory in La Palma is home to the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), the largest single-aperture optical telescope in the world. Astronomy enthusiasts flock here to witness the breathtaking night skies and explore the mysteries of the universe.
The Canary Islands are much more than a sun-and-sand getaway. Their rich history, unique culture, and astonishing natural diversity offer travellers countless opportunities for discovery and adventure. Whether you're exploring volcanic landscapes, savouring unique wines, or listening to the ancient whistle of Silbo Gomero, the Canaries are a destination that surprises and delights at every turn. So, pack your bags and uncover the hidden gems of this extraordinary archipelago!
